Tuesday, 1 December 2009

Ideas for film poster

Filming!


So we've started filming, and it's going great. It's great fun, and we're all really getting into it. Obviously theres still a lot to do but we've got a lot done already and we could probably have most of the filming done by the end of next week. We should also have some of the editing done, I'm going to be working in most of my free periods trying to get a rough cut sorted out (if the editing computers are available for me to use)


It's been hard work trying to get the mise en scene right, but I think that we've been quite successful. We've got a treat for you! we've been documenting the filming, so here are a few photos :)


the beautifully decorated toilet...
they're not real drugs. I swear. Please leave feedback about how realist (or unrealistic) you think they are..

Kirsty looks slightly demented but it works !
Close up of the wall!
This is chantelle standing on the toilet in order to get that perfect aerial view shot that we just had to have!we needed to go to other lessons so we had to lock the toilet up and make sure no one went in! this was the only way.. we left a nice note to acompany it though!

Tuesday, 3 November 2009

Roles & Responsibilites.

Ruby Walker : Poster, Filming
Kirsty Edwards : Editing, Acting
Chantelle Douglas: The review

We think that in terms of props, music choices, locations etc these decisions will be made as a group! And obviously whilst we are doing our seperate tasks we will consult eachother a lot.

Monday, 2 November 2009

the other products...(posters & reviews )

The london to brighton poster is my favourite, and I feel like it is most similar to the style that I want. To recreate the same style we will be capturing photographs whilst we are filming, if enough of us are free to do so. It's a fairly simple poster, but it is the images that make it extremely effective. 

http://www.littlewhitelies.co.uk/theatrical-reviews/cherrybomb/



This link is for a independant review website, although we won't have time to create a website, it inspired us to use the same colour scheme throughout all of the ancillary tasks, just as the website has.  

Music Ideas :)



The soft whispering singing from about the 1st minute along with the lyrics seems perfect for the end of the short film.

Tuesday, 13 October 2009

Teacher Feedback

I really like the location shoot that you have uploaded - you clearly have a very good idea about how the film will look and you have already made quite a few creative decisions. Can you relate these decisions to any existing media texts? What is currently missing is evidence of textual analysis of similar products - remember you can discuss films (not necessarily short) that have inspired your technical and creative choices. How about other films that have been based on books?

You have some good evidence of looking in to theory but you need to make sure that you are relating this to your own project, for example: How does the Uses and Gratifictations theory relate to your work?

Reflecting upon the work we have done so far..

What research processes have you been through in preparations for your production?


In preparation for our production we have analysed other short films, such as "Enough" and even a short film competition trailer that related back to our original idea with the secrets on pieces of paper.
We have also looked at online film reviews, especially the "kidulthood" we loved the colours, the layout, and fonts it stood out a lot more among the others that we looked at.
We have also looked at music videos, such as the artic monkeys - when the sun goes down, the music video was based on the life of a prostitute, and we found that the style of the video was very similar to what we were trying to achieve. 


We definitely found that all of the research was extremely useful, and believe that without it we wouldn't have been anywhere near as inspired as we are now.

We are yet to create questionnaires, polls and other things to get feedback.
We also think that by joining Twitter, and Flickr we will be attracting more attention for our film, and therefore we will be able to get a lot more feedback.

Media Theorists

Hypothermic Syringe: The media is somewhat like a syringe, that injects ideas, values and beliefs into the audience. The audience are a powerless mass and have no choice but to be influenced. Examples of this can be seen in the case of James Bulger and his killers. James Bulger's killers were said to of watched a certificate 18 film (Child's Play 3) which inspired the murder of James. The hypothermic syringe theory is quite plausible in the sense that it supplies the ideas for the audience but some people are more easily influenced to certain types of behaviour. Background, upbringing, among other things would play a huge role in whether a person is influenced to do certain things.



Culmination: The word culmination is from the word acculminate. This is from the sense of gradually acculminating something. After years and years of constantly seeing or being exposed to a certain thing (violence, drugs, nudity, etc) you become desensitised to it. Although in a sense this is quite true, as after seeing something several different times the 'shock' factor is no longer there, it depends on your background and other influences you have. Also constantly watching something is different from actually carrying out an action as you are always disconnected in a sense from the actual action.



Two-Step Flow: The masses will experience the media individually but will then go on to discuss it as a group. Even if the person has their own views they may be influenced during discussion with their social groups or other friends. The fact that they may feel a certain way may change after discussing certain points and bits of it have been explained more for example. This one is slightly more understandable because you are not being just influenced by the media but other people aswell but it would depend on how weak your character was.

This is the theory that I feel relates to our project much more than any other. We understand that some people may be unsure about our film, and will feel the need to discuss it with other people. And therefore the way they see the film will definitely differ from the way someone else sees it. 



Uses & Gratifications: 
"We make choices about what we watch and we also have certain expectations, we expect to be gratified by what we watch." 
Here are five of the main reasons we watch different things.



For:

Information - this is for pure knowledge and information. This includes things such as the news and documentaries.

Entertainment - this is just for enjoyment and entertainment. This can be a rnage of several different things. Loads of different genres fit into this group. Eastenders, CSI, Skins could all be included in this group. Dramas, comedies, soaps all fit into this category aswell.

Personal Identity - personal identity allows us to see examples of behaviour for us to model ourselves on. Reality shows such as Big Brother, Flavor Of Love and are a really good example of this because those show real-life people for us to see. Dramas based on real-life events or dramas that are very realistic may also fit into this category. America's Next Top Model, The Wire is a very good drama that is also realistic. The versatility of the characters as they are not all simply 2-dimensional means it is fits quite well as a personal identity show. Films such as KiDULTHOOD may also fit this.

Social Sympathy/Empathy & Personal Interaction - this is when people watch shows to actually empathise with or sympathise the characters. This is shown in shows such as Big Brother when there is a favourite to win. The sympathy/empathy is very obvious in shows such as X Factor and Britain's Got Talent as there is usually someone that has come from a very hard upbringing or has been through alot and the public always feel very affectionate for these people.

Escapism - this is used to allow the audience to escape reality completely. Video games and iPods are a easy way to do this as are online games such RuneScape. A very good example of escapism video games are RPG or simulation games such as Sims3 or Zoo Tycoon for example. RPG or simulation games allow the player to create their own reality or life (Sims, SecondLife) and make different decisions without actually changing their life in reality.

In terms of genre theory and our project, we have come to the conclusion that a person may watch our short film for social realism, to gain an understanding of the way others have to live there lives. This is because our films storyline could in actual fact be happening to a real person. For example, you always hear in the news about young teenagers getting involved with the wrong people, and getting into drugs, this is exactly what our short film is about.

Criticism of Mass Theory's: An individuals point of view will be swayed by culture, race, age, personality, gender, class, etc. The audience will may all read the same text but males may take it differently to females as different classes and races may also do.



Encoding/Decoding: This theory is one of the only media theorys that don't see audiences as a mass. This theory believes that everyone brings dfferent views to the media.

--Encoding : This theory puts forward the fact the media is theoretically encoded.

--Decoding : This theory believes that the audiences decode the media using whatever views they already have. This theory shows why different people have different views on different shows. For example shows such as Family Guy are decoded differently by different people because of the different circumstances they live in.


Definition of Genre : A set of types/groups which any medium may be classified.

- In each case the acknowledgement of genre depends on the acceptance of generic conventions.


Is Genre timeless?


Genre is not timeless, it is open to historical change.


John Fiske states that " any one programme will bear the main characteristics of its genre, but is likely to include some from others ascribing it to one genre or another, this involves deciding which set of characteristics are most important "


Richard Maltby believes that the success of Hollywood is reliant on the combination of predictable elements with variation.


Auteurs

A group of film makers that were considered to be particularly influential and artistic.

An example of these directors are Tarantino (Kill Bill 1&2) And Bazleumen (Romeo and Juliet)


Edward Buscombe felt that the iconography (typical conventions) was the best way to achieve generic definitions.

An example of this the gangster genre. The iconography is guns, money, mafia and suits.


Rick Altman

-Genre theory presumes that viewer pre read the text.

-Viewers become passive voyeurs.

Tuesday, 6 October 2009

Inspiration from music videos!




This is the Arctic Monkeys music video for "When the sun goes down" it's an excellent video, really full on and true to life. It's based around the life of a prostitute, so it's obviously related to our project, as we have the same sort of character ( young, influenced easily, drug habit, rough)
This video really influenced us in terms of mise en scene & editing. Costumes have really flown into place, we want our character to be dressed in big clothes, that hide her, things like trackies and huge hoodies. And i've come up with a few ideas for shots and editing techniques. First week back into college my group will be sorting out or story boards so you can see my ideas for shots then ! * it's all a big surprise hey ! ;) *
However I will let you know all about my ideas for editing techniques, I'm thinking de-saturated shots, with dark colours making it seem all gloomy and miserable, coinciding with our characters emotions and characteristics. Plenty of reaction shots, simple straight cuts in order to keep it all very real and some really emotive music to match that. Hopefully I'll find a friend that could write a bit of music :)

Thursday, 1 October 2009

Mise En Scene

Of course in all films, mise en scene is extremely important. with our extremely low budget, of £5 and all the help of our good friends and the science department, we were able to spend about £1!!!
- luckily my mum had a spare bottle of wine & my step mum already smoked...
& of course the 'heroin' aka tea bag juice was scabbed from the pot at home..

Costume :

Carly
- a large green coat
- tracksuit bottoms
- plain grey top
- trainers

Mother :
- scruffy wooly jumper
- motherly stripey top
- joggers

The girls at school: 
- casual clothes
- coats
- bags


Props :
- Tea bags
- needle
- lighter
- bottle of wine
- cigarettes
- essay
-pieces of paper with abuse on


Location:
- home
bedroom, stairs, living room

- school
classroom, corridor, out the front

- toilets
- Kingswood high street



Editing
- desaturation
- black and white for memory scenes and imagination
- adjustments of the brightness and contrast
- fade to black


Tuesday, 29 September 2009

Teenage Girls Research.

s is a link from a blog post that another member of my group ( Chantelle ) We worked together to create this post, as we feel that we need to concentrate a lot on creating a really interesting, and typical teenage girl to play our main character.


  http://chantellemedia-a2.blogspot.com/2009/09/teenage-girls.html


We are using Kirsty, another member of the group to play the main character Carly, this is because we feel she had the most confidence, and we felt she would be able to play Carly perfectly. 








Kirstys Costume Power Point


Planning Production




These are photos of some of the shots/settings we are planning on using for filming.
The top photo ( girl sat against the wall) is my favourite, and is the shot we will be using for the opening scene. The other scenery ones are the places that we felt looked like they suited the atmosphere we want, scruffy, rough and poor.

































































Saturday, 19 September 2009

Drug Research

In our film the main character has a drug addiction to heroin, actually tea and crushed brown sugar, because obviously we couldn't use real drugs.
.
 We decided to find out the usual effects this drug has on the body and just some general information on it.
Effects:
  • Heroin slows down body functioning and substantially reduces physical and psychological pain.
  • Most users get a rush or buzz a few minutes after taking it.
  • A small dose of heroin gives the user a feeling of warmth and well-being.
  • Bigger doses can make the user sleepy and very relaxed.
  • The first dose of heroin can bring about dizziness and vomiting.

Purity: A user has no way of knowing what their heroin is mixed with. Recent tests have shown it can contain nutmeg, brick dust, and ground-up gravel but it’s more commonly mixed with sugar, starch, powdered milk, or quinine.

Risks: Deaths from overdoses occur. But the risk increases after a period off the drug because the body's tolerance for the drug goes down.
If this drug is taken with alcohol or any other drugs it increases the chances of overdosing.
 Injecting heroin can do nasty damage to your veins and has been known to lead to gangrene (death and decay of body tissue, usually a digit or a limb) and tissue infections.

http://www.talktofrank.com/drugs.aspx?id=186

Several films from different genres have shown depictions drug taking scenes with varying levels of seriousness. This scene tends to appear more often in films that feature gangster lifestyles (layer cake, snatch, etc) or social realism films (trainspotting, kidulthood, etc).

Casino Royale:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_yNntwSjOwo&feature=player_embedded#at=76

In Casino Royale there is a scene very similar to a drug scene where James Bond is poisoned. The scene shows him walking in a brightly lit room and the camera is very shaky. The exaggeration of the lighting is obviously a side effect of the drug as is the shakiness of the camera. The shakiness of the camera is also done to show the effects the drug have had on the body e.g loss of mobility and co-ordination skills.




Training Day:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZqJyNw8tGE0&feature=player_embedded#

In this scene from Training Day, it shows one character after smoking some marijuana. The scene is slowed down after and the colours slightly distorted. The sound has been altered and sounds slightly more echoey than it was before.


Trainspotting:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GgeDh1WCyeM&feature=player_embedded#

Probably the best known out of all of the examples for it's drug related storyline. The scene above shows a 'bad trip.' The character looks extremely anxious and restless and also sweaty. The scene shows no obvious special effects as this scene shows 'coming down' from a drug rush however the colours are very dim and grey.




Sugarhouse:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ka0gdqGFT2g&feature=related

This scene from independent film Sugarhouse only shows a little bit of drug use. The character using the drugs knows that it's wrong and turns the religious statue away from him. There aren't many special effects to show the affects on the body but the character taking the drugs starts dancing and acting as if he completely at ease. Out of all the examples this is the only one that doesn't make drug use look extremely negative

Friday, 18 September 2009

Plot Outline


The short film follows a day in the life of our main character, she is a girl who has lost her way in life because of the strong influence of her boyfriend.
We see the effects of how easily she has been influenced, and how denial has made her lose her way through the representation of the post cards being her inner thoughts.
We see through the film how her standards lower and her self respect is lost due to her addictions, and her denial which is a common trait within those who have addictions.


Character : Main Girl= Carly
Boy one = Tom
Boy two= Ryan

Carly gets up she walks through her house,we see her mother slumped in a chair she looks as though she has been sleeping there all night, next to her is lots of empty beer cans and a half smoked ciggarette in the ashtray next to her, the woman in the chair is all bruised and looks as though she has been beaten up.
We see Carly look at a picture from when she was younger , in the picture Carly and her mother look happy their is not a man in the picture, this represents the common family structure of one parent family's, in which it is usually the mother figure who brings up the children which is typical to thr film. The lack of the father figure is significant to Carly's relationship with men during the film. The lack of the father figure could be an underlying reason in which the men /boys Carly has got involved with has treated her in this way and Which in turn leads to her addiction which is due to the vulnerability of Carly.
We follow Carly walking to the shops this is sped up, we see her walk into the shop and come back out of the shop with a plastic bag with cans of alcohol in it.
It cuts to a shot of a brick wall we see the camera pan slowly to the left until Carly comes into the shot. We see lots of empty cans littered around her , Carly gets up and staggers about in the place where she has just sat we see two post cards the first just says the word "DRUNK" the next post card says the phrase "I CAN GIVE UP IF I WANT TO".
The shot fades to black and we see Carly standing at the gate of a house we see her walk down the garden path and knock on the door we see boy 1 answer the door and Carly goes into the house with him. behind the boy stood in the corridor, we see a clock that says three o clock. the door shuts in the camera and then reopens we see her come out of the house, the boy is kissing her neck sleazily, her expression on her face looks upset and uncomfortable. Boy 1 only has only has a pair of trackies on, his hair is all messy and he lights up a cigarette in his mouth before getting out a wad of cash before we see a close up of the exchange of cash in their hands. this whole scene has a dark tint to it to give the impression of danger within the scene that is happening. The boy slams the door in Carlys face before we see her walk back up the garden path as she walks up the garden we see her get her phone out of her bag it cuts to a close up of the phone screen which says seven missed calls from Ryan. Behind where she is walking the second secret drops with the word "CHEAT".
we see Carly walking along the street, this is all speed up the speed then slows down into slow motion , here we see Carly walk past a boy he looks very shady and is smoking we then cut to an extreme close up of their hands here we see the exchange of a packet of drugs, the speed of the scene then speeds up again before cutting to the next scene.
we see Carly burst into a toilet cubicle we see her take the drugs, the shot then fades to black before we see a ariel view of Carly lead on the , in the mirror we can see a reflection of boy two on the mirror written in lipstick is the penultimate secret "YOU MADE ME LIKE THIS".
The scene then cuts to the scene which is representative of Carly's drug induced haze this scene is all distorted to give a feeling that the viewer a feeling that we are in the drug induced dream.
We see Carly running through a field we are going to put a ghosting effect on this to emphasis the haziness of is the scene were seeing real life or a dream.  Carly is holding a red balloon attached to the balloon is a white piece of paper which is the final secret with the words "but i still love you " wrote on. Carly gets to the middle of the field and lets go of the balloon the camera then tilts with the balloon until it finally goes out of view.
In this last scene the song I have chosen as the sound track is the song The dogs days by Florence and the machine as the words are very fitting to the scene it also create tension to whether Carly has actually died or not. However it may not be possible to use this track therefore I am going to have to apply for permission in order to use the track.
In this last scene the red balloon can represent one of two things it can represent the love for the boy who made her like this has gone away, or the red balloon could represent her life and the letting go of the balloon could in fact represent that her death. This is why the distorted effects of this scene are important as it is done in order to leave the audience leaving not knowing if she has died or not. 

Monday, 20 July 2009

Target Audience

Target Audience :

Our target audience is anyone above the age of 16, as we know that the short film will include scenes that won't be appropriate for anyone under the age of 16, such as drug use and alcohol drinking. I think they will be the type of person that would listen to all sort of music, and someone who has a very open mind. I think that other girls, the same age as the main character will be the most interested, this is due to wanting to know how someone completely different (or possibly similar) lives.
We feel like a slightly more alternative type of person, someone who has had many experiences, and is interested in looking at things that are different from the norm, something that stands out, would want to watch our short film.
We believe that anyone that would be interested in watching our short film, will be be watching it for "social realism" This is because the film is based around the story of what could be someone's real life story.

We also feel like the film could be used as an educational program as well, possibly used to show young people the consequences of drugs, and how young people are easily influenced.
It could be used in association with http://www.talktofrank.com/  and http://www.bdp.org.uk/bdp_aboutbdp.htm (Bristol Drugs Project)

Codes & Conventions :
- there are usually only a few characters
- the plot tends to be based around one main character
- there is usually always a twist / unexpected happening
- short films are usually based around a true to life story
- a huge variation of interesting angles and shot types
- voice overs are a popular method of sounds in short films
- there doesn't tend to be much dialogue in short films
- short films usually last between 1- 10 minutes
- short films don't tend to use titles, and if they do, they're usually very simple
- short films tend to have a very low budget






Monday, 6 July 2009

Stereotypes

We have chosen to do a short film, within the genre Teenage Romance. We will probably be using characters that we know personally, and therefore the different groups of people we'll have are teenagers, both male and female.


The common stereotypes associated with these groups of people are as follows :

female teenagers : underage drinking, sex, teenage pregnancy,main interest is boys, makeup, don't get along with parents

male teenagers : violent, underage sex and drinking, sporty, sex obsessed, computer games, not very social, modern = more bothered about what they look like.

As we will be basing the short film around a teenage couple, I guess there will be a lot of modern representations, with the boy being sensitive or caring about the way he looks, and the girl being more independant and not doing everything to please the boy.

–4) what changes have there been in society which have impacted on the representations of your groups?


There have been no major changes in society that have a huge impact on the representation of teenagers. However Britain now has the highest rate of teenage preganancies, and an extremely high alcohol consumption rate, which in turn gives teenagers an even more negative representation.

Teenagers have been around forever obviously, but in the 1950's they became a target market, films, tv shows and magazines were being made specifically for teenagers, creating further stereotypes such as teenage girls only being bothered about fashion, makeup and men, being housewives, and teenage boys only wanting to have sex, get drunk, drive cars etc.


However as the times changed, women were allowed to vote... etctgahfudskfcsdh


Women have grown up knowing they can do everything that a male can,.

- developed 1950's - target market
-

represented as : partys, and troublesome. always repped as quite negative
but now media violence,knife crime ( racial groups ) girls, pregnant etc ]

Monday, 29 June 2009

Research





























These pictures are from a website that we have used for our inspiration,
http://postsecret.blogspot.com/ website was simply just an arts project online, but over the years has expanded to become something more, releasing books and going on tours, postsecret has become a huge part of peoples lives. This is why we we have decided to base our short film upon a secret.



Here are some videos that we got inspiration from, whether it be from the shot types, the narrative or the music :)




http://vimeo.com/2203770 - then we kissed


Opening shot is a close up of wheat grass, and the title of the short film "And then we kissed"Title fades out and the shot cuts to a close up of a male walking through the grass holding a bag. He is wearing quite casual clothes, in typical manly colours of green and brown. Then cuts to a mid shot of the man, looking worried yet determined. Gentle acoustic guitar is playing, creating a calm atmosphere.A voice over, which seems to be the male character fades in, and as he mentions a woman, the male character walks out of the shot and the woman is walking beside him. It then cuts to a long shot of the two walking side by side. She is wearing a skirt and denim jacket, she has long hair, and therefore seems to dress as a traditionaly represented feminine female. It then again cuts to an establishing shot of a huge feild and barn house in the distance. The camera pans across, but then quick cuts to a shot of two women in what seems to be a cafe. The music continues to create a calm atmosphere, along with the voice over continueing to talk about the woman. The scene cuts between mid shots of the male and female. As the voice over says " she was the most beautiful, intelligent and funny girl i'd met" The shots of the girl are close ups of her smiling, talking and laughing, she then looks straight into the camera as if it were the male. This shows the extreme intimacy between the two people. Another quick cut and the settings have changed, the couple are running down an alley, laughing. A hand held camera is used, which makes us feel as if we're there with them, enjoying their love.






http://vimeo.com/3582519 - london film school trailer


Although this is just a short trailer, it inspired us a lot, the kind of dreamy mise en scene, the speed and dramatical atmosphere, it was all just very inspiring.
It began with a shot of the tree's the camera tracked along the tree's for a few seconds whilst the music began.It created a great sense of mystery. Suddenly the scene cuts to an out of focus shot of the tree's and rolled up pieces of paper ( which turn out to be scripts ) falling and floating through the air,again adding to the mystery of it all.
The music is gradually building up, further adding to the atmosphere and giving the trailer a speed. It again cuts, and a female character is revealed, she is facing away from us, watching the rolls of paper fall out of the sky. Although the music seems to have gotten faster, everything else is in slow motion making the trailer seem like a dream as it doesn't seem real. This shot doesnt lastlong, until it cuts to another shot of the woman, this time we see her face, her facial expressions show she is happy, and dazed by it all. Quite a traditional representation of a female, who are known to be the more emotional sex. The aerial view shot adds to her innocent look the director seems to be trying to create. The paper falls around her and it seems like she is in her own world ( just as we want our character to be isolated the character in this trailer seems to be alone too ) The camera zooms in as the character smiles and the shot quickly cuts to the sun shining through the tree's, this creates a sensational atmosphere, as if everything is joyful and nothing could go wrong.The audience may be asking themselves, what is going on? the sense of mystery is very obvious.
Another quick cut and the shot turns to the camera closing in on one of pieces of paper that has been caught in a branch, revealing that the pieces of paper are from a script. The shot quickly cuts again, this time to a long shot of the character collecting the pieces of paper from the ground and the tree. After this the trailer becomes quite irrelevant to our project..





Enough : Short Film, by Tor Kristoffersen.

Enough « Depict!




In terms of mise en scene, the film is fantastic. the lighting is dark which sets the atmosphere perfectly, and reveals the characters for who they really are in a great way. The whole film is shot slightly desaturated, which emphasises the sadness of the short film.
The use of the photos of the younger boy, the alcohol, the dark street, and the boys in trackies who are stereotyped as violent, scruffy, angry and rude all fit together together to tell the story in a clever way. its great that Kristoffersen fits it all into 90 seconds.

The short film starts with the cutting to and from close ups of an old mans face, to a long shot of a group of boys. the contrast between the two different shots creates a sense of mystery, what's the relationship between the people in these shots? In the shots that include the old man, its dead silent, this creates extra tension and emphasisupon the shock that the audience is given when he suddenly becomes quite angry and violent.

http://www.watershed.co.uk/news/251/

"Enough is a strong, edgy, relevant and upsetting film with strong composition and excellent editing. It creates character adeptly and is a good use of the 90 second format – a real achievement."







Sunday, 28 June 2009

The Beginning of it all..

Our film has to be approximately 5 minutes long. According to Syd Field films follow the 3 act theory. The 3 act theory states that every film has 3 separate acts to it these are:







Start- this is where the characters are introduced and the scene is set.
Middle- Problem/Situation that needs to be overcome or major event that happens
End- Resolution of problem/situation or outcome of event.



So on average each section should be around 100 seconds/1 minute 40 seconds each approximately. This is quite a short time to be able to appropriately show each section of the film so the audience fully understands it.







  • uses and gratifications
The 'uses and gratifications' theory was first put by Bloomer and Katz (1974.) This theory claimed that all films are watched for a particular reason.

Audiences watch films for:
1. Entertainment - simply to entertainment

2. Escapism - to get away form everyday life

3. Social Realism/ Identification - gives the audience something or someone to identify with
4. Information - for the audience to learn something from e.g. a documentary
5. Interaction - not only a interactional film but also maybe a film or television show that causes interaction between social groups





Most short films tend to either entertain, offer identification or inform people. As most independant films also offer identification we have chosen to make a film that fits within this. This is also quite a wide area to make a film in, making it easier to find a subject to work on.



Some of the various things that could be included in the identification area are: racism, economic issues, illnesses, knife/gun crime, gang culture, drugs, homophobia, bullying, teenage pregnancy, etc.